Per-age guide · 10 years old · 2026–27
What grade is a 10-year-old in?
A typical 10-year-old in the United States is in 5th grade for the2026–27 school year — if they were born before their state's kindergarten cutoff. If they were born after, they're typically one grade behind: 4th grade.
Quick answer
- Born before your state's cutoff: 5th grade
- Born after your state's cutoff: 4th grade
- In 6 states the cutoff varies by district — confirm locally before relying on this answer.
The cohort split, visualized
The cohort split
How a single year of birthdays becomes two grades.
Every state draws a line on the calendar. Children born before the September 1 cutoff start school a year ahead of children born after.
Jan
Mar
May
Jul
Sep
Nov
September 1 cutoff
Born before cutoff5th gradeStarted K on schedule. Now age 10.
Born after cutoff4th gradeStarted K a year later. Same age, one grade behind.
Calculate for your child
10-year-olds by state — 2026–27
The same 10-year-old lands in different grades depending on which state they live in. Sortable.
| State | Cutoff | Typical grade | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Alaska | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Arizona | August 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before September 1 — in practice, on or before August 31. |
| Arkansas | August 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 1. |
| California | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Colorado | varies | 5th grade | Colorado sets no statewide kindergarten cutoff — each district adopts its own. Most use a date in August or September. |
| Connecticut | September 1 | 5th grade | Connecticut moved its cutoff from January 1 to September 1 starting in 2024–25 — one of the largest cutoff changes any state has made. |
| Delaware | August 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 31. |
| District of Columbia | September 30 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 30. |
| Florida | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Georgia | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Hawaii | July 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before July 31 — one of the earliest cutoffs in the country. |
| Idaho | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Illinois | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Indiana | August 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 1. |
| Iowa | September 15 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 15. |
| Kansas | August 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 31. |
| Kentucky | August 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before August 1. |
| Louisiana | September 30 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 30. |
| Maine | October 15 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before October 15 — the latest fixed cutoff of any state. |
| Maryland | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Massachusetts | varies | 5th grade | Massachusetts sets no statewide cutoff — each district establishes its own minimum age for school attendance. |
| Michigan | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1 — but Michigan gives parents an unusually strong early-entry right for later birthdays. |
| Minnesota | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Mississippi | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Missouri | August 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before August 1. |
| Montana | September 10 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 10. |
| Nebraska | July 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before July 31 — one of the earliest cutoffs in the country. |
| Nevada | August 1 | 5th grade | Nevada moved its cutoff from September 30 to August 1 under A.B. 65 (2023), creating a single uniform statewide enrollment date. |
| New Hampshire | varies | 5th grade | New Hampshire is the one state with no kindergarten entrance age in statute or regulation at all — the date is entirely a local district decision. |
| New Jersey | October 1 | 5th grade | A child who is 5 by October 1 has a statutory right to enroll where kindergarten is offered. Districts may adopt policies admitting younger children, so the practical date can be earlier. |
| New Mexico | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before September 1. |
| New York | December 1 | 5th grade | New York districts set their own kindergarten entrance age. December 1 is the statewide reference date in Education Law; New York City uses December 31. |
| North Carolina | August 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 31. |
| North Dakota | July 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before August 1 — in practice, on or before July 31. |
| Ohio | the first day of school | 5th grade | Ohio changed its rule for 2026–27: a child must turn 5 on or before their district’s first day of instruction. Districts no longer pick between August 1 and September 30. |
| Oklahoma | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Oregon | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Pennsylvania | varies | 5th grade | Pennsylvania sets only a floor: a child must be more than 4 years old before the first day. Each district picks its own entrance date above that, and most use September 1. |
| Rhode Island | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| South Carolina | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| South Dakota | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Tennessee | August 15 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 15. |
| Texas | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must be 5 on or before September 1. |
| Utah | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Vermont | varies | 5th grade | Vermont law sets the outer limit at January 1, but each district may require a child to turn 5 by any date between August 31 and January 1 — the widest legal spread of any state. |
| Virginia | September 30 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 30. |
| Washington | August 31 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before August 31. |
| West Virginia | July 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 before July 1 — the earliest kindergarten cutoff in the United States. West Virginia moved to this date in 2019–20. |
| Wisconsin | September 1 | 5th grade | Children must turn 5 on or before September 1. |
| Wyoming | August 1 | 5th grade | Wyoming moved its cutoff from September 15 to August 1 under H.B. 0174. September 15 now matters only as the outer limit for an early-admission request. |
Frequently asked
Can a 10-year-old skip a grade?
Grade-skipping is possible but rare; most US districts require formal academic assessment plus a social-emotional review. Talk to the school counselor before assuming.
What if my 10-year-old started kindergarten late?
If they were redshirted (held back a year before K), they'll be one grade behind their birth-year cohort. That's the second row of the answer above.
Is my 10-year-old considered "redshirted"?
Only if you intentionally delayed kindergarten. Children born after the cutoff who start K on schedule for their birthday aren't redshirted — they're on time for their state.
Shopping for a 10-year-old?
See gift ideas for 10-year-olds on Birthdaze →Nearby ages
← What grade is a 9-year-old in? · What grade is a 11-year-old in? →
See every state's kindergarten cutoff →
Sources
Education Commission of the States — Kindergarten Entrance Ages.
Individual state Departments of Education (linked from each state page).